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Hook Ramp Hybrid Alternative
The Hook Ramp Hybrid is a more traditional alternative that provides access to the I-215 from Campus Pkwy. The alternative features a tight diamond for the North Bound ramps and a hook ramp for the South Bound ramps. Similar to the other alternatives, this design will extend the existing Campus Pkwy from Kendall Dr along the Devil Creek Diversion Channel, crossing above the I-215 and continues to Cajon Blvd. The new section of Campus Pkwy also features bike lanes on both directions and a sidewalk on the northern side. A new intersection between Campus Pkwy and Hallmark Pkwy is included in the design in order to increase circulation to the area.
Traffic Analysis
The traffic team forecasted traffic volumes from the San Bernardino County Traffic Analysis Model (SBTAM) and the Southern California Association of Governments model (SCAG), and performed a traffic analysis for this alternative using Synchro 10, following the Highway Capacity Manual 6th Edition for standards on levels of service (LOS). Most of the intersections within the alternative will have a LOS of B or C by 2045, except for intersection 5 (between Kendall Dr and Campus Pkwy). Although intersection 5 has a forecasted LOS of E and F for AM and PM peaks respectively, the delay time at the intersection is reduced by more than half compared to the No-Build alternative. The LOS at intersection 5 fails to meet the San Bernardino County Congestion Management Plan's standards. Since the intersection is not within the scope of this project, other projects pursued by the city of San Bernardino can implement improvements for this intersection.
Geometric Feasibility
According to traffic analysis, the AM peak comes from the freeway’s North Bound, heading north along Campus Pkwy to California State University, San Bernardino. The PM peak will come from the college along Campus Pkwy onto the freeway’s South Bound. To accommodate the PM peak with right turns while providing a connection between Campus Pkwy and Hallmark Pkwy, a hook ramp was chosen for the South Bound ramps. Although there are tight constraints between Hallmark Pkwy and the I-215, the design team was able to design the hook ramp according the CalTrans' standards, meeting both criteria.
Impact Evaluation
The project site is alongside a channel and is located within a 100-year floodplain but to address these issues a NEPA (National Environmental Policy Act) permit is required and the first level must be constructed 2 feet above the flood plain which as been taken into account with the design. In addition, proper drainage will be implemented in the design and a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan as outlined by SBCFCD (San Bernardino County Flood Control District) will be created. Due to the project site located parallel to residential homes a sound wall is to be considered due to the noise that may come during and after construction along with a possible sound analysis for the area. Impacts due to the acquisition of right of way along the new Campus Pkwy will be negated with retaining walls. However, additional right of way will displace a few residents and businesses located along the new on/off ramps.
There are three different particular species (shown above) that have been identified that require proper mitigation techniques. Proper mitigation techniques such as relocation of a species are thought to be the best tactic not only ensure the completion of this project, but also the safety and prosperity of the species. Some possible permits needed would be an incidental take permit for the San Bernardino kangaroo rat or a voucher collection permit for endangered plants for relocation.
Detailed Design
The cross-section of the Hook Ramp Hybrid will have a 6’ bike lane in each direction to improve access for all users, two 12’ through lanes, and one 4’ shoulder on each side of the 16’ median with a 6’ sidewalk on the north side.
All on/off ramps will have two 12' lanes, with an 8' shoulder on the right and a 4' shoulder on the left. The North Bound Off-Ramp is the only exception, featuring an additional left turning lane at the end of the ramp. Bike lanes and sidewalks were included in our bridge design to promote active transportation and to satisfy the San Bernardino Master plan.
Ramp Cross-sections
An Advance Planning Study (APS) was done to define the scope of structure work and develop a reasonable cost estimate for budget purposes. APS consists of a plan sheet for each structure with basic dimensions and minimal detailing including the vertical clearance, span length, and structure type. Each plan sheet contains the plan, elevation, typical section view, and cost estimate of the structure. The Hook Ramp Hybrid will have two bridges. One bridge serves as an overcrossing over I-215 with a span of 176.5 feet, and a minimum clearance of 16.5 feet. The other bridge crosses the Devil Creek Diversion Channel for the North Bound On-Ramp, spanning 179 feet long and a minimum clearance of 13 feet over the channel. Please refer to the Geometric Approval Drawing and Advanced Planned Study under the Deliverables tab for geometric details of this alternative.
Viability
The Hook Ramp Hybrid went through all steps done while reviewing possible alternatives - Alternative Scoping, Traffic Analysis, and Geometric Design. It was considered as one of the three viable alternative design through all of the aspects mentioned in detail above. It also passed the traffic analysis, geometric feasibility, and impact evaluation steps and was considered viable for detailed design. All documents and deliverables pertaining to this design can be found under the Project Deliverables Tab.